Luke Chapter 22
1 Now the feast of unleavened bread, which is called the Passover, was approaching.
2 The chief priests and the scribes sought how they might put him to death, for they feared the people.
3 Satan entered into Judas, who was also called Iscariot, who was counted with the twelve.
4 He went away, and talked with the chief priests and captains about how he might deliver him to them.
5 They were glad, and agreed to give him money.
6 He consented, and sought an opportunity to deliver him to them in the absence of the multitude.
7 The day of unleavened bread came, on which the Passover must be sacrificed.
8 Jesus sent Peter and John, saying, "Go and prepare the Passover for us, that we may eat."
9 They said to him, "Where do you want us to prepare?"
10 He said to them, "Behold, when you have entered into the city, a man carrying a pitcher of water will meet you. Follow him into the house which he enters.
11 Tell the master of the house, 'The Teacher says to you, "Where is the guest room, where I may eat the Passover with my disciples?" '
12 He will show you a large, furnished upper room. Make preparations there."
13 They went, found things as Jesus had told them, and they prepared the Passover.
14 When the hour had come, he sat down with the twelve apostles.
15 He said to them, "I have earnestly desired to eat this Passover with you before I suffer,
16 for I tell you, I will no longer by any means eat of it until it is fulfilled in God's Kingdom."
17 He received a cup, and when he had given thanks, he said, "Take this, and share it amongst yourselves,
18 for I tell you, I will not drink at all again from the fruit of the vine, until God's Kingdom comes."
19 He took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke, and gave it to them, saying, "This is my body which is given for you. Do this in memory of me."
20 Likewise, he took the cup after supper, saying, "This cup is the new covenant in my blood, which is poured out for you.
21 But behold, the hand of him who betrays me is with me on the table.
22 The Son of Man indeed goes, as it has been determined, but woe to that man through whom he is betrayed!"
23 They began to question amongst themselves, which of them it was who would do this thing.
24 A dispute also arose amongst them, which of them was considered to be greatest.
25 He said to them, "The kings of the nations lord it over them, and those who have authority over them are called 'benefactors.'
26 But not so with you. But one who is the greater amongst you, let him become as the younger, and one who is governing, as one who serves.
27 For who is greater, one who sits at the table, or one who serves? Isn't it he who sits at the table? But I am amongst you as one who serves.
28 But you are those who have continued with me in my trials.
29 I confer on you a kingdom, even as my Father conferred on me,
30 that you may eat and drink at my table in my Kingdom. You will sit on thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel."
31 The Lord said, "Simon, Simon, behold, Satan asked to have all of you, that he might sift you as wheat,
32 but I prayed for you, that your faith wouldn't fail. You, when once you have turned again, establish your brothers."
33 He said to him, "Lord, I am ready to go with you both to prison and to death!"
34 He said, "I tell you, Peter, the rooster will by no means crow today until you deny that you know me three times."
35 He said to them, "When I sent you out without purse, wallet, and sandals, did you lack anything?" They said, "Nothing."
36 Then he said to them, "But now, whoever has a purse, let him take it, and likewise a wallet. Whoever has none, let him sell his cloak, and buy a sword.
37 For I tell you that this which is written must still be fulfilled in me: 'He was counted with transgressors.' For that which concerns me has an end."
38 They said, "Lord, behold, here are two swords." He said to them, "That is enough."
39 He came out and went, as his custom was, to the Mount of Olives. His disciples also followed him.
40 When he was at the place, he said to them, "Pray that you don't enter into temptation."
41 He was withdrawn from them about a stone's throw, and he knelt down and prayed,
42 saying, "Father, if you are willing, remove this cup from me. Nevertheless, not my will, but yours, be done."
43 An angel from heaven appeared to him, strengthening him.
44 Being in agony he prayed more earnestly. His sweat became like great drops of blood falling down on the ground.
45 When he rose up from his prayer, he came to the disciples, and found them sleeping because of grief,
46 and said to them, "Why do you sleep? Rise and pray that you may not enter into temptation."
47 While he was still speaking, behold, a multitude, and he who was called Judas, one of the twelve, was leading them. He came near to Jesus to kiss him.
48 But Jesus said to him, "Judas, do you betray the Son of Man with a kiss?"
49 When those who were around him saw what was about to happen, they said to him, "Lord, shall we strike with the sword?"
50 A certain one of them struck the servant of the high priest, and cut off his right ear.
51 But Jesus answered, "Let me at least do this"-and he touched his ear, and healed him.
52 Jesus said to the chief priests, captains of the temple, and elders, who had come against him, "Have you come out as against a robber, with swords and clubs?
53 When I was with you in the temple daily, you didn't stretch out your hands against me. But this is your hour, and the power of darkness."
54 They seized him, and led him away, and brought him into the high priest's house. But Peter followed from a distance.
55 When they had kindled a fire in the middle of the courtyard, and had sat down together, Peter sat amongst them.
56 A certain servant girl saw him as he sat in the light, and looking intently at him, said, "This man also was with him."
57 He denied Jesus, saying, "Woman, I don't know him."
58 After a little while someone else saw him, and said, "You also are one of them!" But Peter answered, "Man, I am not!"
59 After about one hour passed, another confidently affirmed, saying, "Truly this man also was with him, for he is a Galilean!"
60 But Peter said, "Man, I don't know what you are talking about!" Immediately, while he was still speaking, a rooster crowed.
61 The Lord turned and looked at Peter. Then Peter remembered the Lord's word, how he said to him, "Before the rooster crows you will deny me three times."
62 He went out, and wept bitterly.
63 The men who held Jesus mocked him and beat him.
64 Having blindfolded him, they struck him on the face and asked him, "Prophesy! Who is the one who struck you?"
65 They spoke many other things against him, insulting him.
66 As soon as it was day, the assembly of the elders of the people were gathered together, both chief priests and scribes, and they led him away into their council, saying,
67 "If you are the Christ, tell us." But he said to them, "If I tell you, you won't believe,
68 and if I ask, you will in no way answer me or let me go.
69 From now on, the Son of Man will be seated at the right hand of the power of God."
70 They all said, "Are you then the Son of God?" He said to them, "You say it, because I am."
71 They said, "Why do we need any more witness? For we ourselves have heard from his own mouth!"
Footnotes
- Verse 32 (Brothers)
- The word for "brothers" here may be also correctly translated "brothers and sisters" or "siblings."
- Verse 37
- Isaiah 53:12
Version: World English Bible
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Luke Chapter 22 Guide
Here we have the record of final things before the Cross. The priests and the devil are seen in coalition.
As the end approached, the Master is seen with the shadow of the Cross on Him, desiring to eat the Passover with His loved ones. Even in this connection the disciples contend over which of them is to be accounted the greatest.
After the observance of the Passover and the institution of the new Feast, He declared to them, "Satan hath obtained you by asking" (margin). Notice carefully Satan's demand, and that it was granted. This involves the truth that he could not touch the disciples without the divine permission. As at the moment Peter was the man in supreme danger, our Lord singled him out as He said, "I made supplication for thee."
The new order was approaching. The Master was leaving His disciples in His bodily form. It was in this connection He said, "Let him sell his cloak and buy a sword." The word "sword" arrested them, and they produced two, to which action the Master responded, "It is enough." Notice carefully He did not say, "They are enough." He was not referring to the swords, but to the principle He had laid down. Indeed, their eagerness to produce the swords evidenced their slowness to appreciate the spiritual nature of the conflict ahead of them. When presently Peter used one of the swords, the Lord sharply rebuked him.
Passing out, and into Gethsemane, He was followed by His disciples. The supreme revelation of our Lord in Gethsemane is of His complete submission to the will of God as He said, "Nevertheless, not My will, but Thine be done."
Then followed the darkness of which our Lord said to His enemies, "This is your hour, and the power of darkness." Through this hour He passes alone with the firm step of the Conqueror.
From "An Exposition of the Whole Bible" by G. Campbell Morgan.
Luke Chapter 22 Commentary
Chapter Outline
- The treachery of Judas. -- (1-6)
- The passover. -- (7-18)
- The Lord's supper instituted. -- (19, 20)
- Christ admonishes the disciples. -- (21-38)
- Christ's agony in the garden. -- (39-46)
- Christ betrayed. -- (47-53)
- The fall of Peter. -- (54-62)
- Christ confesses himself to be the Son of God. -- (63-71)
Verses 1-6
Christ knew all men, and had wise and holy ends in taking Judas to be a disciple. How he who knew Christ so well, came to betray him, we are here told; Satan entered into Judas. It is hard to say whether more mischief is done to Christ's kingdom, by the power of its open enemies, or by the treachery of its pretended friends; but without the latter, its enemies could not do so much evil as they do.
Verses 7-18
Christ kept the ordinances of the law, particularly that of the passover, to teach us to observe his gospel institutions, and most of all that of the Lord's supper. Those who go upon Christ's word, need not fear disappointment. According to the orders given them, the disciples got all ready for the passover. Jesus bids this passover welcome. He desired it, though he knew his sufferings would follow, because it was in order to his Father's glory and man's redemption. He takes his leave of all passovers, signifying thereby his doing away all the ordinances of the ceremonial law, of which the passover was one of the earliest and chief. That type was laid aside, because now in the kingdom of God the substance was come.
Verses 19, 20
The Lord's supper is a sign or memorial of Christ already come, who by dying delivered us; his death is in special manner set before us in that ordinance, by which we are reminded of it. The breaking of Christ's body as a sacrifice for us, is therein brought to our remembrance by the breaking of bread. Nothing can be more nourishing and satisfying to the soul, than the doctrine of Christ's making atonement for sin, and the assurance of an interest in that atonement. Therefore we do this in rememberance of what He did for us, when he died for us; and for a memorial of what we do, in joining ourselves to him in an everlasting covenant. The shedding of Christ's blood, by which the atonement was made, is represented by the wine in the cup.
Verses 21-38
How unbecoming is the worldly ambition of being the greatest, to the character of a follower of Jesus, who took upon him the form of a servant, and humbled himself to the death of the cross! In the way to eternal happiness, we must expect to be assaulted and sifted by Satan. If he cannot destroy, he will try to disgrace or distress us. Nothing more certainly forebodes a fall, in a professed follower of Christ, than self-confidence, with disregard to warnings, and contempt of danger. Unless we watch and pray always, we may be drawn in the course of the day into those sins which we were in the morning most resolved against. If believers were left to themselves, they would fall; but they are kept by the power of God, and the prayer of Christ. Our Lord gave notice of a very great change of circumstances now approaching. The disciples must not expect that their friends would be kind to them as they had been. Therefore, he that has a purse, let him take it, for he may need it. They must now expect that their enemies would be more fierce than they had been, and they would need weapons. At the time the apostles understood Christ to mean real weapons, but he spake only of the weapons of the spiritual warfare. The sword of the Spirit is the sword with which the disciples of Christ must furnish themselves.
Verses 39-46
Every description which the evangelists give of the state of mind in which our Lord entered upon this conflict, proves the tremendous nature of the assault, and the perfect foreknowledge of its terrors possessed by the meek and lowly Jesus. Here are three things not in the other evangelists.
- When Christ was in his agony, there appeared to him an angel from heaven, strengthening him. It was a part of his humiliation that he was thus strengthened by a ministering spirit.
- Being in agony, he prayed more earnestly. Prayer, though never out of season, is in a special manner seasonable when we are in an agony.
- In this agony his sweat was as it were great drops of blood falling down. This showed the travail of his soul. We should pray also to be enabled to resist unto the shedding of our blood, striving against sin, if ever called to it. When next you dwell in imagination upon the delights of some favourite sin, think of its effects as you behold them here! See its fearful effects in the garden of Gethsemane, and desire, by the help of God, deeply to hate and to forsake that enemy, to ransom sinners from whom the Redeemer prayed, agonized, and bled.
Verses 47-53
Nothing can be a greater affront or grief to the Lord Jesus, than to be betrayed by those who profess to be his followers, and say that they love him. Many instances there are, of Christ's being betrayed by those who, under the form of godliness, fight against the power of it. Jesus here gave an illustrious example of his own rule of doing good to those that hate us, as afterwards he did of praying for those that despitefully use us. Corrupt nature warps our conduct to extremes; we should seek for the Lord's direction before we act in difficult circumstances. Christ was willing to wait for his triumphs till his warfare was accomplished, and we must be so too. But the hour and the power of darkness were short, and such the triumphs of the wicked always will be.
Verses 54-62
Peter's fall was his denying that he knew Christ, and was his disciple; disowning him because of distress and danger. He that has once told a lie, is strongly tempted to persist: the beginning of that sin, like strife, is as the letting forth of water. The Lord turned and looked upon Peter.
- It was a convincing look. Jesus turned and looked upon him, as if he should say, Dost thou not know me, Peter?
- It was a chiding look. Let us think with what a rebuking countenance Christ may justly look upon us when we have sinned.
- It was an expostulating look. Thou who wast the most forward to confess me to be the Son of God, and didst solemnly promise thou wouldest never disown me!
- It was a compassionate look. Peter, how art thou fallen and undone if I do not help thee!
- It was a directing look, to go and bethink himself.
- It was a significant look; it signified the conveying of grace to Peter's heart, to enable him to repent. The grace of God works in and by the word of God, brings that to mind, and sets that home upon the conscience, and so gives the soul the happy turn. Christ looked upon the chief priests, and made no impression upon them as he did on Peter. It was not the mere look from Christ, but the Divine grace with it, that restored Peter.
Verses 63-71
Those that condemned Jesus for a blasphemer, were the vilest blasphemers. He referred them to his second coming, for the full proof of his being the Christ, to their confusion, since they would not admit the proof of it to their conviction. He owns himself to be the Son of God, though he knew he should suffer for it. Upon this they ground his condemnation. Their eyes being blinded, they rush on. Let us meditate on this amazing transaction, and consider Him who endured such contradiction of sinners against himself.
From the "Concise Commentary on the Bible" by Matthew Henry.